الرئيسية كمبيوتر

أول فأرة كمبيوتر في التاريخ

Brahim Ahttab

تعريف الفأرة

ملف:3-Tastenmaus Microsoft.jpg

الفأرة (بالإنجليزية: Mouse) هي إحدى وحدات الإدخال في الحاسوب يتم

استعمالها يدويا للتأشير والنقر في الواجهة الرسومية، وتعتمد أساسا في

استعمالها على حركتها فوق سطح مساعد. وتحتوي الفأرة الافتراضية

حاليا على زرين وعجلة في المنتصف تعمل كزر وسطى.

تاريخ الفأرة

اختراع الفأرة " mouse " هو من الابتكارات الرائعة في عالم الكمبيوتر .

أول ظهور لهذا الجهاز كان على يد المخترع Douglas Engelbart في سنة

1964 وكان مصنوع من جسم خشبي ويمكنه الحركة عموديا وأفقياً.

صورة لـ Douglas Engelbart مخترع الفأرة في عام 2008

(ولد 30 يناير 1925 – وتوفي 2 يوليو 2013)

وكانت تحتوى على زر واحد في الحواسيب من نوع أبل ماكينتوش

وزرين في الحواسيب الشخصية (PC) ولاحقا تم إضافة عجلة الانزلاق،

ومن ثم زيادة عدد الأزرار إلى ثلاثه ثم تم استبدال الزر الأوسط بعجلة

ودمج بها هذا الزر وبعض الأنواع الآن تحتوي على أكثر من ثلاثة

أزرار وتكون قابلة للبرمجة، وتختص باقى الأزرار لتطبيقات الألعاب

أو الرسومات والتصاميم

انواع الفأرة

هناك نوعان من الفأرة وهي:

فارة الكرة: ويعتمد في التعرف علي حركة الفارةعلي كرة داخل الفارة تدور مع حركة الفارة وتؤثحركتها علي ترسين صغيرين متعامدين.

الفارة الضوئية: تعتمد علي شعاع من ضوء الليزراشباه الموصلات المركز أسفل الفارة ينعكس من على السطح ويتم استقباله على شريحة إلكترونية اشبه بحساس التصوير.

فأرة هوائية تلبس في اليد: ظهرت الماوس الليزرية في الفترة الاخيرة وفي فترات سابقة كانت الماوس الكلاسيكية المعروفة والان في اختراع “ابتكار” جديد ماوس تعمل في الهواء وتلبس في اليد ويتم التحكم بها في الهواء.

وقد اطلق عليها اسم “airmouse” حيث تعتبر من الاختراعات المفيدة لمستخدمي الكومبيوتر لفترات طويلة حيث تعمل هذه الماوس على مبدأ ليزري والتحريك في الهواء دون لمسها بشيئ.

والجدير بالذكر ان هذه الماوس لا تعمل الا في حالة واحدة عندما تكون اليد في حالة مبسوطة وذلك للتوقف عن العمل في حالة الكتابة بلوحة المفاتيح.

سوف تكون هذه القطعة متوفرة في الاسواق بعد فترة زمنية لم يتم تحديدها تماما بسعر 129 $ دولار تقريبا.

توصيلها بالحاسوب

1-سلكيا عن طريق منفذ PS/2 أو USB

2-لاسلكيا بدون سلك للتوصيل مع الحاسوب وذلك عن طريق

تقنية البلوتوث والتي توفر وسيلة لاسلكية لنقل معلومات الحركة

من الفأرة إلى جهاز استقبال متصل بالحاسوب.

الأقسام كمبيوتر مدونة الالكتروميكانيك

أخر المواضيع من قسم : كمبيوتر

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\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\n\n \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628.'}}, {'name': 'features', 'data': {'sharing_get_link_dialog': 'true', 'sharing_native': 'false'}}, {'name': 'messages', 'data': {'edit': '\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644', 'linkCopiedToClipboard': '\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629', 'ok': '\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627', 'postLink': '\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629'}}, {'name': 'template', 'data': {'name': 'custom', 'localizedName': '\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635', 'isResponsive': true, 'isAlternateRendering': false, 'isCustom': true}}, {'name': 'view', 'data': {'classic': {'name': 'classic', 'url': '?view\x3dclassic'}, 'flipcard': {'name': 'flipcard', 'url': '?view\x3dflipcard'}, 'magazine': {'name': 'magazine', 'url': '?view\x3dmagazine'}, 'mosaic': {'name': 'mosaic', 'url': '?view\x3dmosaic'}, 'sidebar': {'name': 'sidebar', 'url': '?view\x3dsidebar'}, 'snapshot': {'name': 'snapshot', 'url': '?view\x3dsnapshot'}, 'timeslide': {'name': 'timeslide', 'url': '?view\x3dtimeslide'}, 'isMobile': false, 'title': '\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e', 'description': '\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\n\n\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629: Mouse) \u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a 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\u0643\u0632\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649.\n\n\n\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629\n\n\n\n\n\n \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629 \x22 mouse \x22 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 .\n\n\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 Douglas Engelbart \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 \n\n1964 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b.\n\n\n\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0640 Douglas Engelbart \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\n\n\n\n(\u0648\u0644\u062f 30 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1925 \u2013 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 2 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2013)\n\n \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0634\n\n \u0648\u0632\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 (PC) \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \n\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 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